22.11.2007
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22.11.2007

Nature 450, 533-536 (22 November 2007) | doi:10.1038/nature06332; Received 31 July 2007; Accepted 25 September 2007



Electron pockets in the Fermi surface of hole-doped high-Tc superconductors


David LeBoeuf1, Nicolas Doiron-Leyraud1, Julien Levallois2, R. Daou1, J.-B. Bonnemaison1, N. E. Hussey3, L. Balicas4, B. J. Ramshaw5, Ruixing Liang5,6, D. A. Bonn5,6, W. N. Hardy5,6, S. Adachi7, Cyril Proust2 & Louis Taillefer1,6




  1. Département de physique and RQMP, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1K 2R1, Canada
  2. Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Pulsés (LNCMP), UMR CNRS-UPS-INSA 5147, Toulouse 31400, France
  3. H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
  4. National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
  5. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
  6. Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto M5G 1Z8, Canada
  7. Superconductivity Research Laboratory, International Superconductivity Technology Center, Shinonome 1-10-13, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0062, Japan


Correspondence to: Cyril Proust2Louis Taillefer1,6 Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to C.P. (Email: proust@lncmp.org) or L.T. (Email: louis.taillefer@physique.usherbrooke.ca).




High-temperature superconductivity in copper oxides occurs when the materials are chemically tuned to have a carrier concentration intermediate between their metallic state at high doping and their insulating state at zero doping. The underlying evolution of the electron system in the absence of superconductivity is still unclear, and a question of central importance is whether it involves any intermediate phase with broken symmetry1. The Fermi surface of the electronic states in the underdoped 'YBCO' materials YBa2Cu3Oy and YBa2Cu4O8 was recently shown to include small pockets2, 3, 4, in contrast with the large cylinder that characterizes the overdoped regime5, pointing to a topological change in the Fermi surface. Here we report the observation of a negative Hall resistance in the magnetic-field-induced normal state of YBa2Cu3Oy and YBa2Cu4O8, which reveals that these pockets are electron-like rather than hole-like. We propose that these electron pockets most probably arise from a reconstruction of the Fermi surface caused by the onset of a density-wave phase, as is thought to occur in the electron-doped copper oxides near the onset of antiferromagnetic order6, 7. Comparison with materials of the La2CuO4 family that exhibit spin/charge density-wave order8, 9, 10, 11 suggests that a Fermi surface reconstruction also occurs in those materials, pointing to a generic property of high-transition-temperature (T c) superconductors.




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