05.11.2009
РОССИЙСКАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ НАУК

УРАЛЬСКОЕ ОТДЕЛЕНИЕ

ИНСТИТУТ ХИМИИ TBEPДОГО ТЕЛА
   
| | | | |
| | | | | |
 05.11.2009   Карта сайта     Language По-русски По-английски
Новые материалы
Экология
Электротехника и обработка материалов
Медицина
Статистика публикаций


05.11.2009

Nature 462, 83-86 (5 November 2009) | doi:10.1038/nature08457; Received 30 April 2009; Accepted 21 August 2009



Soft colloids make strong glasses


Johan Mattsson1,4, Hans M. Wyss1,4, Alberto Fernandez-Nieves1,4, Kunimasa Miyazaki2,4, Zhibing Hu3, David R. Reichman2 & David A. Weitz1




  1. Department of Physics and Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA

  2. Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA

  3. Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA

  4. Present addresses: Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden (J.M.); TU Eindhoven, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Department of Mechanical Engineering, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands (H.M.W.); School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA (A.F.-N.); Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan (K.M.).


Correspondence to: Johan Mattsson1,4 Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to J.M. (Email: johanm@chalmers.se).





Glass formation in colloidal suspensions has many of the hallmarks of glass formation in molecular materials1, 2, 3, 4, 5. For hard-sphere colloids, which interact only as a result of excluded volume, phase behaviour is controlled by volume fraction, phi; an increase in phi drives the system towards its glassy state, analogously to a decrease in temperature, T, in molecular systems. When phi increases above phiapproximately 0.53, the viscosity starts to increase significantly, and the system eventually moves out of equilibrium at the glass transition, phi g approximately 0.58, where particle crowding greatly restricts structural relaxation1, 2, 3, 4. The large particle size makes it possible to study both structure and dynamics with light scattering1 and imaging3, 4; colloidal suspensions have therefore provided considerable insight into the glass transition. However, hard-sphere colloidal suspensions do not exhibit the same diversity of behaviour as molecular glasses. This is highlighted by the wide variation in behaviour observed for the viscosity or structural relaxation time, taualpha, when the glassy state is approached in supercooled molecular liquids5. This variation is characterized by the unifying concept of fragility5, which has spurred the search for a 'universal' description of dynamic arrest in glass-forming liquids. For 'fragile' liquids, taualpha is highly sensitive to changes in T, whereas non-fragile, or 'strong', liquids show a much lower T sensitivity. In contrast, hard-sphere colloidal suspensions are restricted to fragile behaviour, as determined by their phi dependence1, 6, ultimately limiting their utility in the study of the glass transition. Here we show that deformable colloidal particles, when studied through their concentration dependence at fixed temperature, do exhibit the same variation in fragility as that observed in the T dependence of molecular liquids at fixed volume. Their fragility is dictated by elastic properties on the scale of individual colloidal particles. Furthermore, we find an equivalent effect in molecular systems, where elasticity directly reflects fragility. Colloidal suspensions may thus provide new insight into glass formation in molecular systems.



Дизайн и программирование N-Studio 
А Б В Г Д Е Ё Ж З И Й К Л М Н О П Р С Т У Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Ъ Ы Ь Э Ю Я
  • Chen Wev   honorary member of ISSC science council

  • Harton Vladislav Vadim  honorary member of ISSC science council

  • Lichtenstain Alexandr Iosif  honorary member of ISSC science council

  • Novikov Dimirtii Leonid  honorary member of ISSC science council

  • Yakushev Mikhail Vasilii  honorary member of ISSC science council

  • © 2004-2024 ИХТТ УрО РАН
    беременность, мода, красота, здоровье, диеты, женский журнал, здоровье детей, здоровье ребенка, красота и здоровье, жизнь и здоровье, секреты красоты, воспитание ребенка рождение ребенка,пол ребенка,воспитание ребенка,ребенок дошкольного возраста, дети дошкольного возраста,грудной ребенок,обучение ребенка,родить ребенка,загадки для детей,здоровье ребенка,зачатие ребенка,второй ребенок,определение пола ребенка,будущий ребенок медицина, клиники и больницы, болезни, врач, лечение, доктор, наркология, спид, вич, алкоголизм православные знакомства, православный сайт творчeства, православные рассказы, плохие мысли, православные психологи рождение ребенка,пол ребенка,воспитание ребенка,ребенок дошкольного возраста, дети дошкольного возраста,грудной ребенок,обучение ребенка,родить ребенка,загадки для детей,здоровье ребенка,зачатие ребенка,второй ребенок,определение пола ребенка,будущий ребенок